Options for improvement of solid waste management systems through community participation : with reference to case study areas of Ghousia Colony and Orangi Town in Karachi, Pakistan

Ghousia Colony and Orangi Town, two slums in Karachi, Pakistan, were studied in order to determine the willingness of the inhabitants to participate in improving solid waste disposal. With the rapid increase in population, the resulting strain on public facilities has resulted in deterioration of municipal services, most notably solid waste disposal. These two areas were chosen for the reason that the population had already demonstrated a strong motivation to improve their conditions by participating in other projects; many under their own initiative. Random sampled households were queried as to their attitudes and behaviour regarding hygienic conditions, knowledge of municipal services, level of wastes, waste recovery, and potential for participation. The results of the surveys were positive, and several options for improvement are presented; technically, socially and educationally. The roles of NGOs and CBOs (Community Based Organizations) are discussed in detail. The appendices contain descriptions of other programmes being carried out in these areas, the historical development of slums, training materials, survey forms, equipment descriptions and special programmes for women.